What differentiates first-degree murder from second-degree murder?

First-degree murder is characterized by premeditation, meaning the perpetrator formed the intention to kill before carrying out the act. This premeditation can happen moments before the crime or can be planned over a longer period. It indicates a deliberate and intentional decision to end another person’s life.

Second-degree murder, on the other hand, involves an intent to kill that is not accompanied by the same level of premeditation. This means that while the individual may have intended to kill, the act wasn't planned in advance. It often occurs impulsively or in the heat of the moment, lacking the foresight that defines first-degree murder.

Understanding this distinction is crucial in criminal law, as it affects the severity of charges and potential penalties faced by the offender. Being aware of the implications of intent and planning behind a murder charge is essential for assessing cases in the criminal justice system.